Before talking about fractional laser rejuvenation, it is worth touching the topic of aging skin and understanding the processes that occur in it.
Skin aging processes and their causes
The condition and appearance of the skin is determined by the rate of renewal of its cells and fibers of connective tissue, as well as the degree of moisture of all its layers.Fibroblasts are responsible for the synthesis of collagen and elastin in the dermis.And the continuous renewal of the epidermis is ensured by the presence of stem cells in it, which are actively divided.
Cytokines - biologically active molecules, which regulate cell activity and force them to work in agreement, have stimulating effects on the tissue.Cytokines determine the survival of cells, their division, growth and functional activity.These molecules are quickly transmitted from one cage to another, causing a “cascade” of changes.
Age -related changes are due to the general slowdown in blood circulation and metabolism in the tissues, a decrease in cell division, their synthetic activity.So, for example, the content of collagen in the dermis, starting from 25 years, decreases at an average speed of 1% per year.The quality of collagen is also reduced.It becomes loose and cannot provide the previous skin tone.The concentration of hyaluronic acid is reduced, on the amount of which the level of moisturizing the skin, the activity of fibroblasts and other cells depends.
An additional aging factor is ultraviolet radiation, under the influence of which the fibers of elastin and collagen are destroyed, which ensure the elasticity of the skin, the expansion of surface vessels with the formation of vascular stars and mesh.The protective reaction of the skin in the form of the production of an additional amount of melanin, an increase in the number of layers of epidermal cells causes the appearance of age spots, a heterogeneous complexion.
The result of all these internal processes is external manifestations of aging:
- loss of elasticity and elasticity of the skin, prolapse of the soft tissues of the face with the formation of nasolabial folds, “flews” in the area of cheeks, fuzzy face contour;
- dynamic and static wrinkles;
- uneven skin color with foci of hyperpigmentation;
- the appearance of Tulangiectasia;
- Reducing the level of moisture of tissues.
In order to rejuvenate the skin, we must eliminate all the above external changes.In order for the result of anti -aging effects to be long, it is also necessary to restore the normal level of metabolic processes.
The procedure of fractional laser rejuvenation of the face allows you to solve both problems as follows:
- tissues affected by age -related changes are removed using a controlled damaging effect, which allows to preserve stem cells;
- The intensity of the damaging effect should be such as to activate the restoration of the skin, accelerate the metabolism and the process of cell division.
What does the term "fractional" mean?
During the cosmetological procedure, we can remove all the changed fabrics.This effect is achieved, for example, during peeling, when acid affects the entire area of the skin.In this case, you need to prepare for prolonged restoration, peeling.During deep peeling there is a risk of complications: a chemical burn can live with the formation of scars.The only reason why peeling is still actively used in cosmetic salons is a slight depth of penetration of the composition.With a sufficiently superficial effect of the body's resources, there is enough to restore tissues without scars and other problems.
In the case of laser effects, continuous damage to tissues leads to burns and related complications.The fractional laser exposure allows you to stimulate the update of the epidermis and dermis without serious negative consequences, during which columns of thermal injury are created - microscopic tissue evaporation zones.Columns of thermal exposure are interspersed with unchanged areas of the skin, which creates optimal conditions for healing.At the same time, the Cytokine “cascades”, emerging in the foci of microdamage, spread to the entire array of epidermis and dermis, healing, rejuvenating the skin, improving its appearance.
What is the difference between fractional non -able rejuvenation and fractional ablation rejuvenation?
A feature of the ablative lasers is that the energy of their radiation is absorbed by water, which is in abundance both in the dermis and in the epidermis.The result of laser exposure is the destruction of cells of both layers of the skin, a sharp reduction in the dermis, and the launch of the formation of a new collagen.
The ABLATIVE group of fractional lasers includes:
- fractional Co2 Laser with a wavelength of 10600 nm;
- fractional erbium laser (ER: YAG, 2940 Nm);
- Fractional Erbium laser on glass (ER: YSGG, 1790 Nm).
With their help, you can achieve a significant smoothing of the skin relief, eliminate wrinkles, foci of hyper- and hypopigmentation.During the treatment, about 37% of the changes due to photoaging are removed.The disadvantage of Ablative fractional lasers is their rather aggressive effect on the tissue, which in 44% of patients with II-V photographs of the skin in fitzpatrick leads to the development of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
The radiation of Non-Blative fractional laser does not damage the epidermis, but acts mainly on the dermis, which determines their softer and sparing effect on the fabric.Neodymal (ND: YAG, 1440 Nm), Erbiye (ER, 1550 Nm), Tolevy Voloconny (1927 Nm) lasers allow you to significantly improve the skin texture, eliminate wrinkles.Laser procedures make it possible to improve skin color, remove pigment spots, eliminate the post-acne without a trace of 51-75% of cases.At the same time, the risk of inflammatory hyperpigmentation is almost an order of magnitude lower.In patients with a photo-type III, it is only 3%, with IV-12%, with V-33%.
Picosecond Alexandrite also belongs to the Non-Blative group of fractional lasers.Moreover, it has one distinctive property that determines higher efficiency and safety compared to other laser laser laser rejuvenation procedures.
The duration of the Picosecond pulse is several tens of times the time of the time necessary for the fabrics for heating after exposure to the light outbreak.The energy of the pulse is spent on the destruction of cells containing melanin, while the surrounding tissues are not heated or damaged.This allows you to use non-batilation fractional laser to remove age spots, wrinkles, expanded pores at any time of the year, in patients with any photo type of skin without risk to get complications.
Picosecond impulses effectiveness ensures a unique nozzle, the lenses of which concentrate the energy of laser radiation in hundreds of MikroLučej.This resembles a “traditional” fractional rejuvenation, but the impact in each Microlite is not thermal, but a photomechanical one.In the center of the impulse, this is a photomechanical “pressure” on the cells stronger than around the edges.Due to this, Cytokine “cascades” rush deep into the skin, to the dermis, and not to the sides - according to the epidermis.It is there that the processes of regeneration, renewal and restoration of tissues are launched.
Due to the high speed of the laser in a short period of time, you can “process” a significant area of the skin.You no longer need to spend long hours in the cosmetologist’s office.The procedure for eliminating age -related changes lasts no more than 15 minutes.
The unique advantages of the procedures of fractional laser rejuvenation of the face:
- The main effect of laser radiation falls on the dermis, where in the process of treatment the age pigment, loose collagen is destroyed, active recovery processes are launched;
- There is no usual rehabilitation with burns, peeling and crusts, after the procedure, for 2-3 hours, an not pronounced erythema can be observed, which passes itself;
- The procedure of laser rejuvenation in time takes about 15 minutes, is carried out without pain and discomfort.
The described capabilities of Non-Ablative rejuvenation by a laser allow you to obtain a high level of patient satisfaction, avoid the risks of complications and get a result comparable to ablation procedures, but without damage to all layers of the skin.